Az altajisták szerepe az összehasonlító magyar nyelvészeti kutatásokban

According to research of the Hungarian scholars of Altaic languages, the Turkish Language has no direct genetic contact with the Hungarian, i. e. they are not the descendants of a common parent language. In different periods the Hungarian language was influenced by Turkic languages. The most significant influence was the influence of a Chuvash-type language, which was in all probability the (Volga) Bulgar. The Chuvash character is primarily verified by such phonetic phenomena as rhotacism and lambdacism. In spite of the influences, the Hungarian language cannot be considered a mixed language, it has preserved its original Finno-Ugric character,the Turkic influences appear firstly in lexicon. There was no significant influence in the field of phonetics. The vowels and consonants, not existing in the Hungarian sound-system in the time of borrowing, was replaced by a near sound, e. g. dzs(d͡ʒ)by gy(ɟ).Concerning the morphology, it is obvious, that a Turkic influence neither in declension, nor in conjugation is observable. A few hundred Turkic words has become an integral part of the Hungarian lexicon. In the latest comprehensive work dealing with Turkic loanwords András Róna-Tas states, that the Turkic origin of 419 Hungarian words is unquestionably, or possible, or presumable. 384 of them was borrowed from West Old Turkic language. West Old Turkic language is an alliance of previous languages or dialects, which was spoken approximately in 5–12th centuries west of Ural Mountains and Ural River. More than the half of the 290 West Old Turkic borrowings with unquestionably Turkic origin, has an equivalent in contemporary Chuvash. Besides the Turkic–Hungarian lexical coincidences also exist circa one hundred Hungarian–Mongolic word coincidences, but the vast majority of them also has a Turkic parallel. These Mongolic words are generally supposed to be borrowed from a Turkic language.