Maternal Serum Ferritin Concentration in Patient with Preterm Labor and Intact Membranes

Background: Preterm labor poses significant obstetric challenges due to its multifactorial etiology and associated neonatal risks. Accurate prediction is essential for timely medical interventions, which can improve maternal and neonatal outcomes. Elevated serum ferritin levels, a marker of systemic inflammation, may play a role in the pathophysiology of preterm labor. Aim: This study aimed to compare maternal serum ferritin concentrations between preterm labor with intact membranes and term labor with intact membranes. Methods: A case-control study was conducted at Al-Imamain Al-Kadhemain Medical City Hospital from April 1, 2023, to April 1, 2024, including 100 pregnant women: 50 with preterm labor and intact membranes and 50 at term labor with intact membranes as controls. Results: There were no significant demographic differences between the preterm and term groups. The preterm group had higher serum ferritin levels, averaging 32.5 ng/mL, compared to 26.84 ng/mL in the term group. Correlation analysis revealed a moderate negative correlation between serum ferritin levels and gestational age (R = -0.425). ROC curve analysis determined a ferritin cutoff of ≥30 ng/mL, with a sensitivity of 72% and specificity of 62%. Conclusion: Elevated serum ferritin levels are associated with preterm labor. A ferritin level of ≥30 ng/mL demonstrates 72% sensitivity and 62% specificity as a diagnostic marker for predicting preterm delivery, highlighting its clinical utility.