Metabolites with Anti-Inflammatory Activities Isolated from the Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Dothiorella sp. ZJQQYZ-1

As special condition-derived microorganisms, mangrove endophytic fungi can produce abundant and active secondary metabolites. In this paper, one strain of <i>Dothiorella</i> sp. ZJQQYZ-1 was isolated from <i>Kandelia candel</i>. As a result, six compounds were obtained from <i>Dothiorella</i> sp. ZJQQYZ-1, including three new benzofuran derivatives dothiofurans A-C (<b>1</b>-<b>3</b>), one new sesquiterpene dothiopene A (<b>4</b>), one new steroid phomosterol C (<b>5</b>), and three known analogs phomosterol B (<b>6</b>), phomosterol A (<b>7</b>), and pergillin (<b>8</b>). Their structures were characterized by extensive spectroscopic analysis, electronic circular dichroism (ECD), and ¹³C NMR calculations. The bioactive assay showed that <b>7</b> exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity with an IC₅₀ value of 4.6 μM. Furthermore, <b>7</b> effectivity suppressed the protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.