GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT OF UKRAINE: CHALLENGES OF MODERNITY AND RECOVERY PROSPECTS

The article investigates the dynamics of the gross domestic product (GDP), GDP deflator and physical index of Ukraine from 2010 to 2023, focusing on key stages of economic growth, structural transformations and challenges caused by internal and external factors, in particular the pandemia of Covid-19, armed aggression of Russia and global aggression. The study deals with the main factors that influenced GDP fluctuations, including inflation pressure, violation of logistics chains, reduction of exports, transformation of the labor market and reduction of investment activity. Particular attention is paid to the role of strategic sectors of the economy, such as agriculture, processing industry, transport and energy, which, despite hostilities, remain key to ensuring macroeconomic stability and food security. Structural changes in the economy are investigated, in particular the increase in the share of defense production, the development of digital technologies and changes in foreign trade priorities. The causes of GDP fluctuations, including changes in consumer demand, investment attractiveness of the country and state support of business, are considered separately. Particular attention is paid to the consequences of hostilities, the loss of production facilities, the reduction of employment, the relaxation of enterprises and the impact of international financial assistance on macroeconomic indicators. At the same time, the article outlines the opportunities for post -war economic recovery, including the prospects for attracting foreign investments, infrastructure restoration, strengthening export potential and developing innovative industries. The key areas of GDP recovery policy are identified, including industry modernization, infrastructure development and creating favorable conditions for innovative development. Recommendations focus on strategies for the development of critical sectors of the economy, improving the efficiency of production processes, reducing import dependence and forming a stable economic model in conditions of global instability.