THE LABOUR MARKET OF UKRAINE: PRESENT AND FUTURE PROSPECTS

The article is devoted to the study of the state, problems and prospects of development of the modern labour market of Ukraine for the period 2020-2024 based on statistical data and scientific sources. The Ukrainian labour market has always been distinguished by its diversity and ability to change in response to social and economic challenges. Even in the difficult conditions caused by the pandemic and war, it remains dynamic and demanding. The hostilities have led to profound transformations in all aspects of society. However, thanks to international support, the country's economic system has been able to withstand and adapt to the new reality. A comprehensive analysis of key labour market indicators was conducted, covering employment by type of economic activity, vacancies, unemployment, minimum and average wages, and the impact of migration processes. The study of the structure of employment revealed a general downward trend, especially in the fields of education and agriculture. The unemployment rate during the study period showed fluctuations: the highest level was recorded in 2022, while in 2023-2024 there was a gradual decline. A number of problems in the Ukrainian labour market have been identified: a reduction in employment, a shortage of skilled workers, a decline in incomes, an active outflow of young people abroad, the impact of mobilisation, etc. In general, the situation remains difficult due to the hostilities, which caused massive external and internal migration of the working-age population, which significantly affected economic activity and the labour market in general. The article examines the issues of state support for the national labour market, with a particular focus on the protection of vulnerable categories of the population. The prospects for post-war recovery in this area are also analysed. Important measures to achieve these goals may include the following programmes: stimulating the birth rate; facilitating the return of labour migrants; integrating war veterans, women and youth into the employment sector; providing psychological assistance to overcome post-traumatic stress disorders; supporting initiatives to rebuild and restore infrastructure; and developing measures to support small and medium-sized businesses.