Artificial Intelligence, International Relation and Religion: USA and Global South

The intersection of Artificial Intelligence (AI), International Relations, and Religion represents a complex and evolving landscape that is reshaping global politics, diplomacy, and cultural narratives. This paper explores how AI-driven technologies are influencing international power dynamics between the United States and the Global South, particularly through the lens of religious values and ethical frameworks. As the U.S. leads in AI innovation, it exports technological systems and governance models that may conflict with or reshape religious and cultural identities in the Global South. These systems, embedded with Western values, often raise concerns about digital colonialism, surveillance ethics, and ideological hegemony. Conversely, the Global South increasingly seeks to assert its own agency by developing AI frameworks rooted in indigenous knowledge systems and religious worldviews, creating alternative paradigms of technological governance. International relations theory must evolve to account for the growing role of AI in diplomatic strategy, cyber-defense, and geopolitical negotiations. AI tools are now integral in managing migration, climate diplomacy, disinformation campaigns, and international development. However, the integration of religious ethics into AI discourse remains underdeveloped, especially in multilateral forums. Faith-based organizations and religious leaders in both the U.S. and the Global South are beginning to engage in the ethical regulation of AI, advocating for human dignity, social justice, and inclusive innovation. This engagement fosters transnational dialogue and offers new pathways for soft power diplomacy. The paper also highlights the risks and opportunities inherent in AI’s role in religious radicalization, interfaith dialogue, and peacebuilding efforts. AI's capacity to personalize content and analyze sentiment can either exacerbate religious tensions or promote mutual understanding, depending on how it is deployed. Ultimately, the relationship between AI, religion, and international relations necessitates a rethinking of global governance structures to ensure equitable access, cultural sensitivity, and ethical standards in the development and use of AI technologies. Through an interdisciplinary approach, this study underscores the need for collaborative policy frameworks that integrate technological innovation with spiritual and moral dimensions to promote global peace and mutual respect.