Potential Biomarkers for IDH-Mutant and IDH-Wild-Type Glioblastomas: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Glioblastoma ranks among the most aggressive brain tumors, with poor prognosis. Currently, there are insufficient data regarding the prognostic value of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation status and inflammatory markers. <b>This study demonstrates the prognostic value of IDH mutation status and preoperative inflammatory markers in glioblastoma. Methods: This single-center retrospective study</b> encompassed 66 glioblastoma patients who had surgical treatment in our institution from January 2020 to March 2022. The patients were categorized into two groups: IDH-mutant (<i>n</i> = 30) and IDH-wild-type (<i>n</i> = 36). We made a comparative assessment of demographic characteristics, clinical parameters, preoperative blood parameters, and survival outcome across the two groups. <b>Statistical analyses included Kaplan-Meier survival curves, ROC analysis, and multivariate Cox regression. Results:</b> The IDH-mutant group demonstrated a significantly lower mean age (53.93 ± 12.00) compared to the wild-type group (62.39 ± 10.12) (<i>p</i> = 0.003). Median overall survival was notably longer in the IDH-mutant group, at 16.0 months, versus 6.5 months in the wild-type group (<i>p</i> = 0.030). An elevated neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio above 3.39 (sensitivity 95.12%, specificity 52.0%) and a platelet/lymphocyte ratio exceeding 136.25 (sensitivity 80.49%, specificity 64.0%) were associated with poor prognosis. <b>Cox regression analysis identified IDH-wild-type status (HR = 2.84, 95% CI: 1.56-5.18) and elevated NLR (HR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.16-2.92) as independent poor prognostic factors. Conclusions:</b> We show that IDH-wild-type glioblastomal patients have a significantly poorer overall prognosis. In this case, the metrics of preoperative neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and platelet/lymphocyte ratio seem to be supplied with some value as biomarkers for the expansion of the disease and predicting likely outcomes.