Lithium-Ion Battery Technology Development Review: History, Current Status, and Future Prospects

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), as the core of modern energy storage technology, have profoundly reshaped human society's understanding and application of mobile energy. Since Sony Corporation first commercialized LIBs in 1991, they have expanded from consumer electronics to strategic industries such as electric vehicles (EVs), energy storage systems, and aerospace. Under the global con-sensus on carbon neutrality goals, the technological iteration and market ex-pansion of LIBs have become key drivers of the energy revolution. This arti-cle systematically reviews the technological development history of LIBs, ana-lyzes the current industrial status, and explores future technological trends and chal-lenges.