University 4.0: Professors' Perceptions on the Future of Higher Education. Evolutionary Progress or Revolutionary Change?

The convergence of several emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, 3D printing, big data, and augmented reality into the fourth industrial revolution has profoundly changed all facets of life, including higher education. The speed and nature of change in the aim and structure of the University of the Future may take two paths: evolutionary, termed the University 4.0 model, or revolutionary, called the University 4.1 model. A semi-structured survey was designed to explore the perception of university professors about the University of the Future. A total of 142 professors from 23 countries responded to the study. The results gave valuable insights into the vision of the world's academic community for University 4.0/4.1.