Research Progress on the Clinical and Experimental Studies of Classical Formulas in the Treatment of Endometriosis

子宫内膜异位症是指具有生长功能的子宫内膜组织(腺体和间质)出现在子宫腔被覆黏膜及宫体肌层以外的雌激素依赖性疾病。本病的发病机制尚未明确，现代医学治疗方式以药物治疗和手术治疗为主，但药物治疗副作用较多，手术治疗无法根治本病，术后易复发且仍需长期服药。中医治疗子宫内膜异位症疗效好、副作用少，经方更是中医方剂中的经典。桂枝茯苓丸、温经汤、桃核承气汤、当归芍药散在子宫内膜异位症的临床研究和实验室方面都取得了一定的研究进展。Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disease characterized by the growth of functional endometrial tissue (glands and stroma) outside the uterine cavity and myometrium. The pathogenesis of this condition remains unclear. Modern medical treatments primarily involve pharmacological and surgical approaches; however, the medications often come with significant side effects, and surgery cannot cure the disease, with a high risk of recurrence post-operation, requiring long-term medication. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has shown good therapeutic effects with fewer side effects for treating endometriosis, with classical prescriptions being particularly effective. Formulas such as Guizhi Fuling Wan, Wenjing Decoction, Taohuo Chengqi Decoction, and Danggui Shaoyao Power have achieved significant research progress in both clinical and laboratory studies related to endometriosis.