3D-Printed Polymeric Biomaterials in Bone Tissue Engineering

聚合物是由重复单体组成的大分子，这些单体可以来源于自然资源或人工合成。由于其卓越的物理化学性质和功能特性，聚合物在生物医学领域，特别是在组织工程中，受到了广泛关注。3D打印技术是一种通过数字模型逐层添加材料来制造三维物体的工艺，其与聚合物在骨组织工程中的结合已经得到了广泛认可。本综述概述了3D打印聚合物生物材料在骨组织工程中的应用。文章首先讨论了骨再生的基本过程，然后介绍了聚合物成分和3D打印技术的选择。此外，本综述全面阐述了3D打印聚合物生物材料的功能特性设计。最后，讨论了3D打印聚合物生物材料在骨组织工程中应用的现状、挑战及未来发展方向。Polymers are large molecules composed of repeating subunits called monomers, which can be derived from both natural sources and synthetic processes. Due to their exceptional physicochemical properties and functional characteristics, polymers have garnered significant attention in the biomedical field, particularly in tissue engineering. 3D printing technology, a process that manufactures three-dimensional objects by sequentially adding material based on digital models, has been widely recognized for its integration with polymers in bone tissue engineering. This review provides an overview of 3D-printed polymeric biomaterials in bone tissue engineering. It begins with a discussion of the fundamental process of bone regeneration, followed by a component selection for polymers and 3D printing technologies. Additionally, this review comprehensively addresses the functional properties design of 3D-printed polymeric biomaterials. Finally, the current status, challenges, and future directions for the application of 3D-printed polymeric biomaterials in bone tissue engineering are discussed.