Joint DOA and Frequency Estimation Method Based on Direct Data Domain

A method for joint Direction of Arrival (DOA) and frequency estimation based on the Direct Data Domain (DDD-JDFE) is proposed. This algorithm, designed to work within an array antenna reception system, utilizes space-time adaptive processing techniques to acquire short-term samples through both spatial and temporal smoothing. It employs a broadband array direction-finding system to simultaneously determine the frequency and arrival direction of targets. Compared to traditional spatial-domain array signal processing methods, this approach provides improved direction-finding performance, particularly at low signal-to-noise ratios. Meanwhile, it shows great potential for long-distance signal detection, and simulation results have verified the effectiveness of the method.