Spirit Owners, Ethno‐Racial Critique, and Indigenous Land Struggle in Brazil

ABSTRACT This article ethnographically explores how the land conflict between Indigenous protesters and agribusiness complexes in Brazil offers insights for critically reevaluating matters of property and belonging—namely, ethno‐racial critiques of who belongs where and what belongs to whom. In the context of violent displacements from their territories, Guarani protesters in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, lance explicitly ethno‐racial critiques of settler colonial domination. They use protest camping on agribusiness plantations to retake land from which they were formerly displaced. These protests backdrop their testimonies regarding cosmogonic relations to spirit owners of the landscape, a key element of the dispute.