Investigation of Serum Interleukin-10 & Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF-a) Levels in Celiac Disease Patients

In genetically predisposed subjects, gluten can trigger (celiac disease), an autoimmune syndrome affecting the small intestine, leading to immune reactions that damage the colon and cause various symptoms. The investigation was aimed at measuring serum levels of tissue transglutaminase both (Immunoglobulin IgG, IgA), Interleukin-10 with Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha in patients confirmed with celiac disease (CD). The research utilized a case-control methodology at AL-Sadder Medical Center, involving a sample of 158 specimens. It included 79 individuals with coeliac disease and 79 normal controls of the identical ages (18-50) along with sexuality. Blood serum for tissue-transglutaminase (t.TG) immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA) levels were measured using ChLIA, while interleukin-10 (IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were assessed using an ELISA kit. The current investigation revealed that patients exhibited significantly elevated levels of IL-10 nearly 2.5-fold higher (46.875 ± 24.533) compared to the control group (18.597 ± 8.324), with a p-value of less than 0.001, indicating a statistically significant difference. Furthermore, the findings demonstrated that Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels were substantially higher in patients with celiac disease (43.985 ± 21.782), nearly triple the levels observed in the control group (15.510 ± 12.294), also with a p-value of less than 0.001. There was a significant increase in the levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin-10 in patients confirmed with celiac disease. Additionally, the investigation identified a positive correlations significantly among TNF-α and tissue transglutaminase (t.TG) IgG, as well as between t.TG IgA and Interleukin-10.