Prerequisites for Peaceful Coexistence in Islamic Political Thought

Human beings, by their innate nature or due to their needs, require collective living. Human social life, from its inception to the present, has witnessed continuous conflicts over power, wealth, and fame. Achieving the fundamental goals of life, safeguarding human rights, and pursuing an ideal and just society are significant issues in social life. Realizing these objectives is only possible through social order and security. Therefore, establishing a peaceful life free from disputes and conflicts is a primary and vital issue in politics and governance. The model of peaceful living in Islamic political thought is proposed as a response to this essential and necessary issue. The question of the prerequisites for peaceful living in societies with ethnic, linguistic, and religious diversity is a fundamental and important topic. Considering the ethnic, religious, and linguistic diversity of Afghan society and the collective belief of its people in Islamic teachings and principles, elucidating the prerequisites for peaceful coexistence is a critical issue for our country (the research problem). By referencing Islamic sources and deriving perspectives from Muslim jurists and commentators (through an interpretive method), this essential and significant question can be described and analyzed. Social justice, rule of law, legal freedoms, and public participation are identified as the most important prerequisites for peaceful living and social coexistence (research findings).