CORRECTION OF THE PLATELET LINK OF HEMOSTASIS IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME THROUGH DIETARY NUTRITION

Purpose. To investigate the effect of following a low-carbohydrate diet on platelet link of hemostasis in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS), as well as to evaluate the effect of following this diet on the course of the disease. Materials and methods. 76 patients aged 27 to 64 years with MS were examined. All patients gave written informed consent to participate in the study. A low-carbohydrate diet (restriction of carbohydrates to 250 g per day) was prescribed to 50 patients for 12 weeks in addition to standard antihypertensive therapy (main group). 25 patients (control group) received standard antihypertensive therapy. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) were measured with a cuff of the appropriate size, body mass index (BMI) was calculated using a standard generally accepted formula, fasting glucose levels was determined using glucose oxidase, basal insulin levels in the blood was measured using a radioimmunoassay method, platelet aggregation (PA) with different inducers was examined spectrophotometrically on an aggregometer using aggregation inducers (adenosine-5-diphosphate disodium salt (ADP) and ristocetin). Abovementioned parameters were registered twice (before the start of the study and after 12 weeks). Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS statistical program (version 22.0, IBM Corp, USA). Results. In patients in the main group (standard antihypertensive therapy and low-carbohydrate diet), after 12 weeks, a statistically significant decrease in the levels of SBP (p=0.001), DBP (p=0.005), basal insulin (p=0.02), improvement in ADP-induced (p=0.01) and ristocetin-induced PA (p=0.01) were registered, while in patients in the control group, only a decrease in the levels of SBP (p=0.002), DBP (0.004), and improvement in ADP-induced PA (p=0.02) were noticed. Conclusions. A carbohydrate-restricted diet is advisable to recommend to patients with metabolic syndrome.