The predictive value of the triglyceride glucose index combined with body mass index in diagnosis of metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background: A new index designed to detect insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) called the triglyceride glucose index paired with body mass index (TyG-BMI) has been developed. This work aimed to find out how well the TyG-BMI index predicts the development of metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in T2DM individuals. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 320 patients aged >18 years old, both sexes, had the diagnostic criteria for T2DM which divided into group I (n=201): diagnosed as T2DM and have MASLD, group II (n=119): diagnosed as T2DM and don't have MASLD and 80 age-and sex-matched healthy individuals as a control group. Results: Among the three groups, T2DM patients with MASLD had substantially higher BMI, lipid and glycemic profile, levels of insulin resistance estimated by the homeostasis model, TyG index, TyG-BMI index compared to patients without MASLD. According to area under ROC curve for each parameter, the TyG-BMI index was the most accurate parameter to predict MASLD in T2DM patients with the highest accuracy (88.8%), sensitivity (97.5%), and specificity (80%). Conclusion: TyG-BMI has greater reliability, is easy to compute, and is inexpensive, making it a promising screening tool for the detection of MASLD in T2DM individuals compared to the other indices.