Haematological and serum biochemical Investigation of “Downer cow syndrome” Affected crossbred cattle

This study examined the haematology and serum biochemistry of recumbent Downer cows, with the aim of identifying early diagnostic indicators and assessing the economic impact of Downer syndrome associated with milk fever. A total of 20 cows were included in the study, consisting of 10 recumbent Downer cows and 10 healthy controls, with data collected between January and June 2024. Blood samples were taken to analyze haematological parameters such as haemoglobin, packed cell volume, red blood cell counts, and differential leukocyte counts, along with serum biochemical values including BUN, Creatinine, Total protein, Glucose, Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, and Aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The results revealed significant reductions in calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium levels, alongside elevated AST, indicating severe muscle damage. Haematological analysis showed decreased haemoglobin, packed cell volume, and red blood cells, with an increase in white blood cell counts. These findings highlight the prevalence of hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesemia in Downer cows, underscoring the importance of early diagnosis and intervention to reduce economic losses. The study concludes that while some biochemical markers remained within normal limits, the significant changes in mineral levels and haematological parameters are crucial for understanding and managing Downer syndrome in dairy cows.