Role of Mycorrhiza and Some Plant Extracts in improving the Germination and Growth of two thyme varieties

The experiment was conducted at a lath house affiliated with the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, following the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) within aSplit-blocks arrangement with three replicates. The experiment involved two factors: the first factor was planting two thyme varieties   Wild thyme and German thyme), while the second factor was combination treatments of mycorrhizae and irrigation with licorice and cumin extracts, with ten treatments including the control treatment, mycorrhizae, mycorrhizae + 1% licorice extract, mycorrhizae + 2% licorice extract, mycorrhizae + 1% cumin extract, mycorrhizae + 2% cumin extract, mycorrhizae + 1% licorice + 1% cumin, mycorrhizae + 1% licorice and 2% cumin, mycorrhizae + 2% licorice and 2% cumin. The experiment results demonstrated that the two interaction treatments of German thyme and mycorrhizae + 2% licorice extract and German thyme and  mycorrhizae + 2% licorice + 1% cumin had the highest germination percentages, 86.67% and 82.67%, respectively. Treatment Wild thyme and  mycorrhizae + 2% licorice + 1% cumin was superior in germination rapidness, seedling length, and number of leaves, attaining 5.433 day seed-1, 8.000 cm, and 11.467 leaves.plant-1, respectively. Treatment German thyme and  mycorrhizae + 2% licorice + 1% cumin was superior in homogeneity, achieving 20.777 seeds.day-1. Treatment  mycorrhizae + 2% licorice + 1% cumin was the most rapid in germination and homogeneous and was superior in sapling height and number of leaves, recording 5.466 days.seed-1, 18.472 seeds.day-1, 7.900 cm and 11.033 leaves.plant-1, respectively. Treatment T1Measurement treatment was superior to other treatments by exhibiting the highest germination percentage, which reached 72.50%. The difference between the varieties was insignificant in the number of leaves. The variety German thyme was superior in germination percentage and homogeneity, achieving 53.67% and 13.276 seeds.day-1, respectively