Views of Genetics Professionals in Canada on Human Gene Editing

CRISPR has initiated an ethical debate surrounding human gene editing (HGE). Somatic gene editing (SGE) is advancing through clinical trials, while germline gene editing (GGE) remains controversial. Stakeholder perspectives suggest GGE may be acceptable for severe conditions. However, what constitutes a severe condition remains unclear. In a Canada-wide qualitative study, we explored genetics professionals' views on what kind of conditions, if any, should qualify for GGE, as well as ethical implications of HGE overall. Participants (n = 12) expressed support for SGE, while GGE was associated with safety and ethical concerns. Participants characterized GGE as a “Pandora’s box,” as it may lead to irreversible societal changes. Despite concerns, participants supported GGE for “severe” conditions. To classify severity, participants suggested referencing preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGT-M) guidelines. This study provides insights into the acceptability of HGE and a novel need for the development of Canadian PGT-M guidelines, which currently do not exist.