Some Metabolic and Organ Function Disturbances Related to Thyroid Dysfunction

Background: Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are the thyroid disorders that involve adverse metabolic disturbances.The present study aims to investigate the serum lipid profile, glucose levels and the renal function in newly diagnosed hypothyroid (HO) and hyperthyroid (HE) patients.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in King Khaled hospital, Hail, Saudi Arabia.The database of 72 (M=17, F=55) newly diagnosed patients with thyroid disfunction were included in the study.Based on their thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) results, the patients were classified into HO (TSH 4.5 mIU/L), HE (TSH 0.4 mIU/L) and normal subjects used as control.The levels of serum free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), TSH, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), HDL, LDL, glucose, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and uric acid (UA) were assayed in the hospital laboratory.and VLDL calculated by subtraction. Results:The serum glucose levels were significantly elevated in the HE (P < 0.01) and HO (P < 0.05) groups compared to control, with significant positive correlation with Log FT4.Whereas, Some Metabolic & Organ Function Abdelgayoum Ahmed 2 the serum TCs of the HO group was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the HE, but not different from control.Similarly, the serum TGs level of the HE group was significantly lower than control (P < 0.05) and HO (P < 0.01) groups.However, the HDL-and LDL-cholesterol fractions were not significantly altered in any of the groups.The VLDL-fraction of the HE group was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than the control, and was lower than the HO group (P < 0.01).The TSH showed significant positive correlations with TC and TGs.The serum creatinine in the HE group was significantly (P < 0.01) lower than control and significantly (P < 0.001) lower than the HO.Similarly, the serum BUN and UA in the HO group were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the HE.Moreover, the TSH exhibited significant positive correlations with serum creatinine and UA.Whereas, the FT4 and FT3 exhibited negative correlations with creatinine. Conclusion:The existence of insulin resistance in both HO and HE was evidenced by the significantly elevated serum glucose concentrations, whereas, the TC and TGs were significantly elevated in the HO group and reduced in the HE.The renal impairment was confirmed by the elevated renal function markers in the HO, but unaltered in the HE.We recommend that during treating patients with thyroid disfunction, such related metabolic disturbances should be considered and treated to avoid further progression into chronic complications.