Impact of using sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention and incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy

Background Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has emerged as a highly effective method for revascularization, significantly lowering mortality rates in those who have coronary artery disease. Aim To determine the ability of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors to shield PCI patients from contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). Patients and methods This is a prospective observational research that was executed in coronary care units and coronary catheterization laboratory unit of the Cardiology Department at Misr University for Science and Technology University Hospital, between July 2023 and January 2024. Results In our study, the study populations was 250 patients, 112 were diabetics, and 138 were nondiabetic patients who underwent PCI. They were split randomly into two groups. Group 1 (125 patients) was given SGLT2 inhibitors (Dapagliflozin 10 mg) within 24 h before PCI and a regular dose for 2 days postprocedure. Group 2 (125 patients) was not given SGLT2 inhibitors before PCI and was used as a control group. The incidence of CIN was notably reduced in the group treated with SGLT2 inhibitors (8.8%) compared to the group not receiving these inhibitors (25.6%), with a statistically significant P value less than 0.001. Conclusion Dapagliflozin proved to be effective in the prevention of CIN in those receiving PCI.