Synergistic Effects of Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Atorvastatin in streptozotocin-Induced In Vivo

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia, leading to severe complications such as cardiovascular diseases, neuropathy, and nephropathy. While pharmacological interventions like atorvastatin are effective in managing hyperlipidemia, concerns regarding their adverse effects necessitate alternative or adjunctive therapies. Cinnamomum zeylanicum (CZ) has shown promise in diabetes management due to its bioactive compounds, which enhance insulin sensitivity and regulate lipid metabolism. Objective: This study investigates the anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects of Cinnamomum zeylanicum in combination with atorvastatin in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats, assessing glucose levels, lipid profiles, liver function, and renal parameters. Methods: Thirty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into seven groups, including control, diabetic, CZ (250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg), atorvastatin (10 mg/kg), and combination therapy groups. Diabetes and hyperlipidemia were induced using STZ and Triton X-100, respectively. Biochemical parameters were analyzed using enzymatic assays, and statistical significance was determined via ANOVA. Results: CZ at 500 mg/kg significantly reduced blood glucose (8.3 ± 14.4 mg/dL) and improved lipid profiles by lowering total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL levels. Combination therapy showed moderate improvements but was less effective than CZ alone. Liver function markers indicated hepatoprotective effects, while renal parameters remained stable, confirming CZ's safety. Conclusion: Cinnamomum zeylanicum demonstrates potent anti-diabetic and lipid-lowering effects, with a favorable safety profile. These findings support its potential as a complementary therapy for diabetes management, warranting further clinical investigations.