Neurosyphilis in HIV-Infected Patients: A Study of 15 Cases

Introduction: Neurosyphilis is a rare but serious complication of syphilis, especially in HIV-co-infected patients. This study examines the clinical and evolutionary characteristics of neurosyphilis in this population. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study conducted in the infectious diseases department from January 2012 to August 2024, including all HIV-positive patients who developed neurosyphilis. Results: Among 15 patients, the average age was 44.14 years, with a male predominance (sex ratio=2). Behavioral disturbances were the most frequent clinical manifestations (33.33%). The syphilitic serology in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was positive in 26% of cases. Conclusion: Neurosyphilis in HIV-positive patients remains a diagnostic challenge. Early management with penicillin G treatment allows for favorable outcomes in most cases.