Creation of University or Academic Spin-Offs: A Study of Failure and Success Factors

Sharing knowledge produced by university research is still a complex activity, especially when it comes to commercial exploitation. One way to share this knowledge is through the creation of these university or academic spin-offs. In this context, this article aims to identify the main factors of failure and success related to the creation of these spin-offs, through a systematic review of the literature. The results of the research made it possible to understand what motivates the failure or success of university or academic spin-offs based on the concepts found in the literature that guides this article. In addition, the factors identified in this research provide valuable insights for the development of strategies that allow structuring initiatives for the creation of better targeted and successful spin-offs. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that, regardless of the number of success or failure factors found in each category, all have their due importance, to a greater or lesser degree, as they directly impact the creation and maintenance of university or academic spin-offs.