Advances in Echocardiographic Study of Atrial Functional Mitral Regurgitation

与心肌缺血导致左室扩大产生的二尖瓣反流不同，心房颤动和/或射血分数保留型心力衰竭患者往往也可产生二尖瓣返流，但其因正常的左室大小和左室收缩功能而易被忽视。这类患者的心房扩大，随之产生的二尖瓣环扩张和小叶适应不足被认为是导致二尖瓣反流的主要原因。由于这种特殊的病理生理，发现与鉴别尤为重要，以便后续治疗方案的选择。超声心动图是评估二尖瓣病变的首选方法，本文就超声心动图在心房功能性二尖瓣反流诊断与评估中的最新进展进行简要综述。In contrast to mitral regurgitation induced by left ventricular dilatation in patients with myocardial ischemia, this condition can also manifest in individuals with atrial fibrillation and/or heart failure characterized by preserved ejection fraction. However, it is frequently overlooked due to normal left ventricular size and contractility. In such cases, atrial enlargement, subsequent dilation of the mitral annulus, and inadequate adaptation of the leaflets are considered primary contributors to mitral regurgitation. Given this distinct pathophysiology, early detection and differentiation are crucial for informing subsequent treatment strategies. Echocardiography remains the preferred modality for evaluating mitral valve pathology. This concise review encapsulates recent advancements in diagnosing and assessing functional mitral regurgitation among patients exhibiting atrial dysfunction through echocardiographic techniques.