Cost-effectiveness of Implementing E-government Strategies in Customs Clearance at Julius Nyerere International Airport in Tanzania

Digital transformation in customs clearance processes represents a critical shift in how governments modernize international trade operations and border control procedures. Thus, the current study examined the cost-effectiveness of implementing e-government strategies in customs clearance at Julius Kambarage Nyerere International Airport (JNIA). A qualitative research approach was employed for this study, whereby, a sample size of 26 respondents, including customs officials, airport management, traders, and passengers were subjected to interview questions. Primary tools for data collection included interviews and observations. Study findings established that e-government strategies impacted time efficiency in customs clearance. Herein, it was found that faster processing times have resulted in cost savings and as well increased revenues for JNIA in the customs department. Also, the findings revealed that there was an improvement in accuracy and fraud detection resulting from e-government systems. Denoting that automated checks within the system have allowed for immediate identification of inconsistencies and discrepancies, which were previously more challenging to detect with manual systems. Based on these foregoing findings, this study recommends that policymakers should address the occasional bottlenecks identified during the study, it is recommended that JNIA implement regular system maintenance and upgrades to minimize system downtime as well as ensure continuous training for customs officials on the use of e-government systems should be a priority