Vertical Deformation Extraction Using Joint Track SBAS-InSAR Along Coastal California, USA

Ground deformation poses a major threat to socioeconomic development, especially in coastal regions where compounding effects of anthropogenic activities and natural processes exacerbate its destructive consequences. This urgency calls for comprehensive, spatially extensive, and temporally continuous deformation monitoring. In this study, we propose a joint track small baseline subset synthetic aperture radar interferometry (SBAS-InSAR) methodology that enhances conventional SBAS-InSAR workflows through integration of ascending and descending orbit data processing, enabling accurate extraction of vertical surface deformation. By analyzing 2348 Sentinel-1 acquisitions, we derived vertical ground deformation across coastal California. The proposed method demonstrates superior measurement accuracy (4.81 mm/year) compared to individual ascending track (7.19 mm/year) or descending track (7.07 mm/year) results. Our analysis identifies substantial deformation signals in coastal urban centers, reveals deformation-fault distribution correlations, and documents characteristic subsidence patterns induced by subsurface resource extraction. These comprehensive data and insights provide invaluable support for the prevention and mitigation of ground deformation in coastal California, and serve as a scientific basis for formulating effective prevention and control strategies, ensuring the safety and sustainable development of these vulnerable coastal regions.