Gender and educational stage-specific association of birth weight with overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 7–18 years: a school-based cross-sectional study

HBW was significantly associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity in school-aged children and adolescents, and the associations differed by gender-specific and educational stage-specific factors. Notably, HBW possibly interplayed synergistically with insufficient physical activity time to increase the risk of overweight/obesity across gender and educational stages.