The role of media exposure on board capital and carbon emission disclosure

This study focuses on 759 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2016 and 2022. We examine how media exposure participates in the relationship between board capital and carbon emission broadcasting. We find that media exposure does not deteriorate the correlation between board network and carbon emissions. In addition, media exposure poses the same impact on the relationship between board experience and carbon emission dissemination. On the other hand, media exposure strengthens the correlation between carbon emissions and board education. These findings indicate that media exposure has an important role in shaping external monitoring of the company. The presence of media exposure can put pressure on the board. This will make the board more active in addressing environmental issues and more concerned about disseminating carbon emissions. Additional analysis shows that the consistency of media exposure has an important role in board capital and dissemination of carbon emissions. The endogeneity test in this study shows that the consistency of the results supports the main findings. Overall, this paper shows that the presence of media makes it easier for stakeholders to obtain information, considering that its presence makes the board more concerned about the environment.