The impact of smoking cessation on clinical outcomes of stage I/stage II, grade A/grade B periodontitis patients in periodontal maintenance phase: A 2-year longitudinal study

Objectives: The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of smoking cessation interventions on periodontal outcomes in individuals who have successfully abstained from smoking for a minimum of six months following non-surgical periodontal therapy. Methods: A total of 122 participants, based on inclusion & exclusion criteria, were divided into a smoking cessation group (n=61) and a control group (n=61). Demographic characteristics, smok ing history, and baseline oral health parameters were assessed in these patients. Over a 2-year follow-up period, changes in probing depth and alveolar bone loss were measured, statistically analysis were performed using SPSS software. Results: The smoking cessation group demonstrated significant improvements in periodontal health, as evidenced by a substantial reduction in probing depth (mean change of -1.5 mm), while the control group exhibited an increase in probing depth (mean change of +0.8 mm). Subgroup analysis revealed a decrease in alveolar bone loss in the smoking cessation group compared to an increase in the control group. These findings align with existing research, highlighting the positive effects of smoking cessation on periodontal health. Conclusions: Smoking cessation interventions have a substantial positive impact on oral health, particularly in terms of periodontal health and the potential preservation of alveolar bone. Health care professionals should prioritize engaging patients in discussions about smoking cessation and providing support to individuals striving to quit smoking to promote better oral health.