Global experience with chickenpox vaccines and future prospects for the Russian Federation

INTRODUCTION. Chickenpox is a highly contagious viral disease that primarily affects preschool children. A number of chickenpox vaccines are licensed worldwide, but there are still gaps in vaccination coverage. Chickenpox vaccines may differ in efficacy, and certain issues with their long-term effectiveness remain unresolved. Chickenpox vaccines may have different safety profiles, and there are lingering concerns about adverse effects. These considerations highlight the need for further safety monitoring and the development of vaccination programmes. AIM. This study aimed to summarise Russian and international experience in studying the safety, efficacy, and effectiveness of chickenpox vaccines to improve and optimise immunisation strategies. DISCUSSION. This paper presents an analysis of information on the development of chickenpox vaccines and the assessment of their safety, efficacy, and effectiveness based on clinical trial results and real-world evidence. Most licensed vaccines are produced from the original Oka strain of chickenpox virus ( Varicella zoster ), while a South Korean company produces a vaccine using its own MAV/06 strain. Chickenpox vaccines manufactured in Belgium, the USA, China, and South Korea have demonstrated comparable safety, immunogenicity, efficacy, and effectiveness. Regional immunisation programmes have significantly reduced chickenpox incidence and complications, and the inclusion of chickenpox vaccination in the national immunisation schedule of the Russian Federation is anticipated in the foreseeable future. The national immunisation programme may include vaccines that have been properly studied. CONCLUSIONS. According to the analysis of national and international experience, live attenuated vaccines have comparable efficacy, effectiveness, and immunogenicity and are safe for human use. Consequently, chickenpox vaccines can be used in the development of the national immunisation programme in the Russian Federation.