Effectiveness of use of mineral fertilizers in cultivation of winter wheat on modal chernozem soil in the Kursk region

Intensification of land farming allows providing the population with high-quality food grain, as well as creating a solid feed base for livestock. This circumstance is inextricably linked with the problem of preserving and increasing soil fertility. Research was carried out on all types of soils in Russia indicate that the most powerful anthropogenic means of reproducing soil fertility and increasing the productivity of arable land are mineral fertilizers. The purpose of the research was to determine the effectiveness of using mineral fertilizers in the cultivation of winter wheat on modal chernozem soil in the Kursk region. The work studied the effectiveness of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers applied to winter wheat of Lgovskaya-4 variety on modal chernozem in the Kursk region. Studies have shown that the studied winter wheat variety was more responsive to the use of nitrogen fertilizers compared to previously zoned varieties on modal chernozem. This allows for a stable yield of this crop of 50 c/ha or more. Over the years of research the eff ect of mineral fertilizers on the yield of winter wheat was more expressed in the variants in which nitrogen fertilizers were used, and the highest yield of 51.9 c/ha was obtained in the N150P60K60 variant. The effect of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on the increase in the yield of winter wheat was low, which is explained by the fairly high content of mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium in the soil. The yield increase from the use of P60K60 averaged 2.6 c/ha over three years. The use of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in the studied doses does not make sense, since they do not provide a reliable increase in crop yield.