Integrating E-Bikes and Non-Motorized Transport for Sustainable Urban Mobility: A Pathway to Achieving SDG 11.2 in Hyderabad, Pakistan

The urbanization process within Pakistan, together with other developing nations, has caused severe transportation problems, resulting in traffic congestion and air pollution and creating uneven mobility access across different areas. This research analyzes how electric bikes (e-bikes) and non-motorized transport (NMT) methods can boost sustainable urban accessibility and livability within Hyderabad, Pakistan, according to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11.2. Through surveys, spatial analysis, and behavioral observations, the researchers assess e-bike effectiveness in lowering car usage and releasing emissions while advancing public health. The research discovered that e-bikes hold the potential to replace 30–40% of car trips under four km distance, thus creating an annual CO₂ reduction of 12,000 tons. Lack of cycling infrastructure and public preference for motorized vehicles are the main obstacles. The suggested policies focus on infrastructure developments through built cycling paths, financial support for e-bike purchases, and planning methods that protect pedestrians.