SORA tool—a specific operation risk assessment tool for civilian drone operations

The rapid expansion of unmanned aerial system (UAS) technologies, coupled with the increasing complexity of regulatory frameworks, highlights the need for innovative solutions that streamline the UAS operation approval process. This paper presents the development and implementation of a web-based tool designed to simplify the approval process in accordance with the specific operations risk assessment (SORA). While the tool was primarily developed for member state of the European Union (EU), SORA is developed by Joint Authorities for Rulemaking on Unmanned Systems (JARUS) and is therefore also used in countries outside the EU. Employing the Double Diamond methodology, the SORA process was divided into three distinct phases: Evaluation, Demonstration, and Submission. The resulting tool guides users through each phase, offering step-by-step guidance, automating calculations, and generating all the documentation required for submission. While the SORA tool has potential to improve efficiency within the SORA process, it has limitations for higher risk operations. Future enhancements could focus on improving integration with national aviation authorities and expanding its collaborative capabilities. This study contributes to ongoing efforts to digitise and streamline regulatory processes in the rapidly evolving field of drone operations, ultimately fostering a more diverse and vibrant UAS ecosystem.