Trends in the physical development of preschool children in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia)

AIM: To study the trends in the physical development of preschool children living in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A study of the physical development of preschool children in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) was conducted in 2024. The main group consisted of 126 boys and 120 girls. For comparison, data on the physical development of preschool children in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) from 2002 were used. The comparison group included 90 boys and 79 girls. The study complied with biomedical ethics requirements. Data were processed using the Statistica 13 PL statistical software package. RESULTS: In 2024, the body length of boys and girls increased gradually from ages five to six, with boys surpassing girls, which corresponds to the general growth and development patterns. In all age and sex groups of preschool children in 2024, there was a trend toward an increase in the mean values of body length, body mass, and functional indicators—muscle strength and vital lung capacity—compared to 2002. CONCLUSION: In preschool children of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), there is a trend toward increased body length with increased body mass and accelerated biological maturation, as well as favorable changes in functional indicators, which may suggest signs of acceleration in the region.