Finite-Time Consensus of Second-Order Multiagent Systems With Input Saturation via Hybrid Sliding-Mode Control

This paper addresses the finite-time consensus (FTC) issue for second-order multi-agent systems (MASs) with nonlinear disturbances. To tackle the challenges posed by increasingly complex communication environments, an innovative integral sliding-mode surface is designed using event-triggered control. Furthermore, the study explores communication constraints between the leader and followers, employing impulsive control to facilitate communication only at specific intervals. A novel hybrid integral sliding-mode control protocol is advanced for the second-order MASs, which effectively eliminates the “Zeno phenomenon" and notably reduces both communication frequency and energy consumption, thereby enhancing overall communication efficiency. Ultimately, the efficacy of the put forward protocol is verified through simulation examples including comparison experiment.