The Dairy Cow Shelter Aspects Assessment in Smallholder Farmer Bogor Region West Java Indonesia

Abstract Housing factors significantly impact the optimization of dairy cattle production performance, particularly in smallholder farms in tropical regions. This study was conducted to assess dairy farm housing in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia, notably in smallholder farms. The Dairy NZ dairy cow housing checklist evaluated the housing aspects of 15 barns classified as smallholders. The questionnaire included three main data groups: (1) livestock conditions, (2) housing facilities, and (3) calving pens and crisis plans. The questionnaire also included general farm information. Purposive sampling was used to pick the targeted pens, and descriptive analysis was performed on the collected data. According to the findings of the field inspection, most of the farms in Bogor had tie-pen systems, gable roofs, concrete floors, and tail-to-tail pens, with an average ownership scale of 20.3 cows. An average score of 13.1 was deemed suitable for livestock conditions, while 1.9 was considered unacceptable. Housing facilities had an average score of 9.8 for tolerable and 5.7 for intolerable. Comparatively, 4.5 calving enclosures and emergency etiquette were allowed, and 10.5 were not. The priority order for improving aspects of housing that must be improved promptly in the dairy shed in the Bogor area is the aspect of calving pens and emergency procedures, housing facilities, and, finally, cow status conditions as the denouement and final postulate based on the principle of seriousness.