A comprehensive analysis of urological surgical procedures at DOW University hospital in Karachi Pakistan - A retrospective study

The objective of this study was to investigate the indications and the variety of urological surgical procedures conducted at DOW University Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan over a two-year period. This retrospective observational study was conducted from April 2021 to April 2023 including 1773 patients, recruited by using non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Information was obtained from the clinical notes of patients, records of emergency department, and the main electronic database of the hospital. A total of 1773 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in the present study, with a mean age of 38.73±16.09 years. The majority of the participants were males. The most frequently detected diagnosis in this study was Renal Calculi (28.3%), followed by BPH (11%), and ureteral stones (8%). Among the day-case surgeries, DJ removal was the most common procedure (19%). The most often encountered diagnoses and indications for surgery were renal and ureteral calculi and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Implementing a dedicated day surgery center and hiring additional specialized healthcare personnel, would improve the caliber and volume of urological services offered at Dow University Hospital.