Cloud Database Migration and Modernization

Cloud database migration and modernization are now a priority for organizations that aim to harness the flexibility, scalability, and cost savings of cloud technology. In spite of extensive research on the topic during 2015-2024, issues still exist in migrating legacy databases in an efficient manner, with security, performance optimization, and regulatory compliance being the major issues. The research has discussed various migration approaches such as lift-and-shift, re-platforming, and re-architecting each with a set of trade-offs. Although the cloud-native databases provide elasticity and scalability, integration with existing enterprise systems is complex. Use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) methods in database tuning and migration has been promising as it automates most of the migration process, but the absence of end-to-end automation tools is still a major gap. Moreover, increased usage of multi-cloud and hybrid cloud strategies is causing new barriers in managing performance, vendor lock-in, and uniform database operations in diverse environments.