Explore the Application Value of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid in the Early Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

BALF mNGS demonstrates high sensitivity and accuracy for PTB diagnosis, outperforming conventional sputum-based methods. Although BALF TB-DNA achieved the highest specificity and NPV, BALF mNGS serves as a robust supplementary tool, particularly for early-stage or paucibacillary PTB. Integration of these molecular techniques may optimize diagnostic workflows in high-TB-burden settings.