Abbreviation in English and Japanese newspaper headlines

Abbreviations as a productive type of word formation are a common phenomenon in media discourse due to the necessity of linguistic compression when transmitting a large volume of information. They are found in news headlines devoted to financial, corporate, political, social, economic, energy, technological, medical, scientific, and sports issues. The aim of the research is to determine the similarities and differences of abbreviations in newspaper media headlines in English and Japanese from the point of view of semantics and methods of word formation. The scholarly novelty of the research consists in identifying a tendency towards the use of linguistically homogeneous abbreviations in English and heterogeneous abbreviations in Japanese news headlines. As a result of the research, it was established that in the English language material, abbreviations are more often used in sports news, while in the Japanese language material, they are used in socio-economic and scientific news. In English, initial (mainly three-component, more than 50%) abbreviations predominate, while in Japanese, initial (37%), truncated (16%), final, initial-final, and mixed abbreviations are found, along with the active inclusion of abbreviations in English (about 40%). The data obtained indicate a significant potential of abbreviations in media discourse due to the rapid increase in information flows in media communication.