The expression of immunohistochemical biomarkers PAX8 and CD117 in platinum resistant ovarian cancer at Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia

HIGHLIGHTS Ovarian cancer is a gynecological disease commonly encountered by women, and resistance to platinum therapy is a significant challenge in its management PAX8 and CD117 have shown potential as predictors of resistance in ovarian cancer. However, research on the expression of these biomarkers concerning platinum resistance in ovarian cancer patients. The objective of this research is to assess the immunohistochemistry expression of CD117 and PAX8 in ovarian cancer and determine whether these expressions are linked to the development of platinum resistance. ABSTRACT Objective: Ovarian cancer is a gynecological disease commonly encountered by women, and resistance to platinum therapy is a significant challenge in its management. This study aims explore a monitoring method for post-operative ovarian carcinoma also evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of PAX8 and CD117 in ovarian cancer and identify their association with the occurrence of platinum resistance. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional approach to an observational analytical design, utilizing consecutive sampling which have met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Tissue resulting from biopsy/surgical procedure which was made into a representative paraffin block was then subjected to immuno-histochemical examination in the Anatomical Pathology Department of Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang. PAX8 and CD117 expressions were analyzed using immunohistochemistry. The results of this study were assessed using ROC curves accompanied by Youden index calculation, determining sensitivity and specificity levels. Results: In this research, the results were obtained that the area under the curve (AUC) for PAX8 and CD117 is 0.785 and 0.809, respectively. PAX8 expression demonstrates the positive predictive value, negative predictive value, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 53.125%, 87.50%, 18.75%, 51.85%, and 60.0%, respectively. The expression of CD117 displays the following values: 71.4 percent, 72.73%, 70%, 72.73%, and 70% for the positive predictive value, negative predictive value, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy, respectively. Conclusion: According to this study, PAX8 and CD117 immunohistochemistry expression in ovarian cancer may act as prognostic biomarkers for platinum resistance. In this study there are several limitations that can be revised in future research.