Research Progress on the Effect of Nanosilicon on Enhancing Plant Tolerance to Exogenous Stress

随着人们对粮食产量和品质的需求不断增长，以及农业生产面临土壤盐碱化、病虫害和环境污染等多种外源胁迫的严峻挑战，迫切需要成本效益高、技术方法先进的预防和治理策略。近年来，纳米技术的迅猛发展为农业领域带来了新的治理方法，其中纳米硅因其独特的结构特性和物理化学属性，在农业中的应用日益广泛。为了更深入地理解纳米硅增强植物抵抗各种外源胁迫的机制，本文系统探讨了纳米硅材料在提升植物抗逆性方面的作用，并详细分析了其促进植物生长及增强植物应对生物与非生物胁迫的能力。同时，本文还展望了纳米硅与植物相互作用研究中存在的问题、理论研究的深度以及未来的研究方向，并提出了针对性的建议。这些旨在为农业生产中纳米硅材料的安全高效利用提供实用的参考与指导。As the demand for food production and quality continues to rise, and agriculture faces severe challenges from various exogenous stresses such as soil salinization, pests and diseases and environmental pollution, there is an urgent need for both high-cost and low-cost technical methods for prevention and control. In recent years, with the rapid advancement of nanotechnology, nanosilicon has been widely applied in agriculture due to its unique structural characteristics and physical and chemical properties. To further elaborate on the various physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms by which nanosilicon enhances plant resistance to exogenous stresses, this paper deeply examines the role of nanosilicon materials in improving plant stress resistance. It analyzes how nanosilicon materials promote plant growth and enhance the ability of plants to face both biotic and abiotic stresses. The paper also looks forward to the existing problems in the study of the interaction between nanosilicon and plants, the depth of theoretical research, and the future research direction. It puts forward targeted suggestions, aiming to provide practical reference and guidance for the safe and efficient utilization of nanosilicon materials in agricultural production.