Influence of antenatal risk factors on the realization of neurological dysfunction in the early neonatal period in late preterm infants

Hypoxic brain damage can lead to the formation of long-term neurological disorders in the form of delayed psychomotor skills, delayed speech and intellectual development. Due to anatomical and physiological features, the central nervous system of late premature infants (newborns born at 34 0/7 - 36 6/7 weeks of gestation) is more susceptible to the influence of unfavorable factors than children born at term. Analysis of anamnestic data allowed us to identify factors that increase the risk of neurological disorders in late preterm infants (LPI). Such factors include: arterial hypertension in the mother, chronic fetoplacental insufficiency, menstrual cycle disorders, frozen pregnancy in the woman's anamnesis, threat of pregnancy termination, delayed intrauterine development of the fetus, oligohydramnios, maternal age 32 years and older. The combination of such pathologic conditions leads to the formation of long-term oxygen deficiency in the fetus and damage to its central nervous system (CNS).