Risk factors for adverse outcome in invasive candidiasis

Invasive candidiasis, characterized by a severe course and high mortality, is one of the most common healthcare-associated infections. Objective. To determine the risk factors for lethal outcome in patients with invasive candidiasis and candidemia hospitalized in a multidisciplinary hospital in the city of Moscow in the period from 2020 to 2023. Patients and methods. A cohort single-center retrospective study was conducted, which included 169 patients with invasive candidiasis and candidemia aged 19 to 94 years, divided into 2 groups: favorable outcome (recolestation) and unfavorable (fatal) outcome. The diagnosis was established on the basis of a combination of symptoms of infection and isolation of Candida fungi from hemoculture. Results. The study identified factors negatively (lymphocytopenia >14 days, taking cytostatics, COVID-19 history, no antifungal therapy after hemoculture results, use of ventilator) and positively (use of triazole derivatives after hemoculture results, taking antimicrobial therapy) influencing hospitalization outcome. Conclusion. The study identified predictors of lethal outcome in patients with invasive candidiasis with candidemia. The samples were representative due to the absence of statistically significant differences in clinical and epidemiologic parameters between the groups of patients, but the horizon for further research is the study of predictors of adverse outcome in patients with invasive candidiasis in prospective studies. Key words: invasive candidiasis, candidemia, cohort study, predictors of mortality