Critical infrastructure of the state and the main methods of risk assessment

The article describes the parameters of the types of critical infrastructure of the State and shows that it includes nuclear and hydroelectric power plants, chemical and petrochemical plants, metallurgical plants and many other State enterprises and private institutions of strategic importance. The author considers critical infrastructure as a set of enterprises, networks, and systems whose failure or malfunctioning may result in loss of control or cause significant damage at the national, regional, local, or facility level. A systematic approach to ensuring their safety is applied to all complex man-made facilities. It is emphasized that all European countries distinguish the concept of critical national infrastructures, which is understood as a set of systems, the disruption of which can cause serious damage to the economy of the State or lead to negative social consequences for society. An analysis of existing methods of studying terrorist threats and risks is carried out. The basic concepts of threat and risk research are analyzed. The main methods of analyzing threats and risks from the standpoint of the technocratic concept, their advantages and disadvantages are considered. It is noted that a systematic approach to ensuring their safety is applied to all complex technogenic facilities, which includes identification of objective hazards, identification and ranking of threats, assessment of the risk of their occurrence and forecasting, which is done in favor of preventing catastrophic events caused by objective hazards. The most effective methods for assessing threats and risks are those integrated into monitoring systems, decision support systems, and other automated management systems. The events of recent years in Ukraine require that the terrorist threat be identified as the first and most important.