Avanços e desafios na implementação da lei maria da penha no combate à violência doméstica

The research investigated the current challenges encountered in the application of Law No. 11.340/2006, known as the Maria da Penha Law, with the objective of analyzing, in a qualitative way, the institutional, operational and cultural obstacles that compromise the effectiveness of protective devices aimed at combating domestic violence against women. Using the literature review as a method, the study addressed the problem without temporal delimitation, allowing a broad understanding of the factors that influence the operationalization of the law. From the analysis of the selected studies, it was found that, although the legislation represents an important milestone for the protection of women's rights, its effectiveness is still weakened by the insufficiency of adequate infrastructure and the lack of articulation between the institutions involved in the care of victims. The research showed that the specialized police stations for women, which are fundamental for the implementation of the law, face difficulties in functioning and availability, negatively impacting the provision of a humanized and effective service. In addition, it was identified that the underreporting of cases of violence and the lack of uniformity in the training of the professionals responsible for the care are critical factors that prevent an integrated and efficient response to violence. The challenges observed also extend to the cultural sphere, where the persistence of a macho mentality and the stigma associated with reporting reinforce the cycle of violence and hinder the effective protection of women. Another aspect evidenced by the research was the disparity in the interpretation and application of legal provisions, which results in significant differences in the response to domestic violence in different regions of the country. The analysis revealed, therefore, that operational and cultural barriers are interrelated, configuring a complex scenario that requires the integration of public policies, the modernization of services and the promotion of changes in social paradigms. The results obtained point to the need for continuous investments in the training of legal professionals and support services, in addition to the strengthening of the inter-institutional network to ensure a more effective and coordinated action. In summary, the study concludes that the full effectiveness of the Maria da Penha Law depends on overcoming the challenges identified, through the implementation of measures that promote integration between the various actors and the constant updating of operational mechanisms, contributing to the reduction of violence rates and to the construction of a more just and egalitarian society. where women's rights are effectively ensured and protected.