Prenatal bonding and intrauterine stimulation: impact on emotional and motor development in early childhood

This study investigated the impact of prenatal bonding and intrauterine stimulation on emotional and motor development during the first 24 months of life. Objective: To inform evidence-based interventions for Latin American contexts. Methodology: Using a qualitative bibliographic-documentary approach, academic sources (theses, articles, and books) published between 2020 and 2025 were analyzed. These sources were selected through purposive sampling and snowballing from repositories such as SciELO, Google Scholar, and institutional databases. The methodology included data triangulation and thematic organization using the Mendeley database, prioritizing studies that integrated emotional, motor, and sociocultural variables. Results: Structured multisensory stimulation programs (auditory, tactile) increased maternal-fetal attachment by 75% and improved gross motor coordination (p < 0.05), with differentiated effects depending on the musical genre and sociocultural context. An inverse correlation between technological access and adherence was identified in rural areas, linked to infrastructural barriers. Conclusions: The need for standardized protocols with cultural adaptations is evident, highlighting classical music and tactile interactions as effective strategies. As practical implications, we propose integrating these interventions into public maternal and child health policies, prioritizing marginalized areas. Future research should expand time horizons with longitudinal designs, develop unified metrics for emotional and motor variables, and explore the role of non-maternal caregivers in prenatal bonding. This study provides critical evidence for reducing disparities in child development through personalized early interventions.