The differences of Lip Print Patterns among the Pak-Pak, Aceh and Singkil Tribes in Subulussalam, Aceh: A Pilot Study for Disaster Victim Identification

Abstract Lip prints are a method used in forensic odontology, known as Cheiloscopy . Lip print patterns can also be used to predict ethnicity in Indonesia. The investigations carried out are useful to determine the cause and manner of death, especially in unidentified corpses such as victims of mass disasters. Objective: to determine the differences of lip print patterns among the Pak-pak, Aceh and Singkil tribes in Aceh. Method: The difference of lip print patterns based on Suzuki and Tsuchihashi classifications divided into 6 quadrant and digital data analyzed using Adobe Photoshop CC 2022. This research conducted in Simpang Kiri sub-district of Subulussalam. Subjects were taken using the Purposive Sampling Technique based on the researcher criteria (n=212). Results: The Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significance differences (p<0.05) in various types of lip patterns in the three tribes. Post Hoc test results found that there was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the type of lip print pattern between the Aceh-Singkil tribe (P=0.000) and the Singkil-Pakpak tribe (P=0.000). Meanwhile, there was no significant difference between the lip print patterns of the Pakpak-Aceh tribes (P=0.069). Conclusion: Based on Suzuki and Tsuchihashi classifications, there is significant difference between the lip print patterns of the Aceh-Singkil tribe and the Pak-pak-Singkil tribe, whereas there were no significant differences in lip print patterns between the Aceh-Pak-pak tribe.